The Division of Neurological Surgery has a strong clinical expertise and research interest in Cranial Nerve Disorders such as Facial Pain (e.g. Trigeminal Neuralgia), Hemifacial Spasm, Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia, Torticollis, Vertigo and Tinnitus. The overall management of some of these syndromes involves the participation of several specialists: Neurosurgery, Neurology, Neuroradiology, Psychologists, Otology and Physical Therapy. Microvascular decompression of the involved cranial nerve is often offered to those in whom medical therapy has failed, and in whom vascular compression is thought to be the etiology of the specific syndrome.